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\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 (Pivot) \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621:<\/strong> \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0646. \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0643 \u0648\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0630\u0627 \u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0642\u062f \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0646:<\/strong> \u0627\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0623\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0636\u0639\u0641\u0647\u0645. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0635 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0643.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>2. \u0646\u0641\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0646\u0627\u0634\u0626. \u0628\u063a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0631\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u062a\u0643 \u0623\u0648 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629 (Running Out of Cash) \u0647\u0648 \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0645. \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0641\u0634\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0628\u0640 &#8220;\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0642&#8221; (Burn Rate) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a 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\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0646\u0641\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623:<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629. \u0636\u0639 \u062e\u0637\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064d:<\/strong> \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0641\u064a \u0644\u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0643 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 12-18 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u062c\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0642\u062a\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0643\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a. \u0627\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0628\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u064a\u062b\u0628\u062a \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0649 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0643.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0643 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u064a\u0631\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>3. \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a\u0646<\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0641\u064a. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0626 \u0647\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629. \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631:<\/strong> \u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646. \u0642\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0642\u0648\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0641\u0647\u0645.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 (UVP):<\/strong> \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0643 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644\u061f \u0647\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0631\u061f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629\u061f \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u061f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u061f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 (Niche Market)\u061f \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0640 UVP \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0643 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631:<\/strong> \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0643 \u0623\u0648 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a\u0643. \u0627\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0646.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u0641:<\/strong> \u0627\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u063a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0646. \u0647\u0644 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u061f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0647\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0635\u062a\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u062d\u0645\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0643 \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>5. \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626<\/h2>\n<p>\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0648\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645 (Unsustainable Business Model) \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0643. \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0643 \u0628\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0641\u064a 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\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645&#8221;\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u0647\u0627. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a\u0646\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0647\u0648 \u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0627 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\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0643.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0631:<\/strong> \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0642\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0646. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a A\/B \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 (Unit Economics):<\/strong> \u0627\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644 (CAC) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644 (LTV). \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0640 CAC \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0640 LTV\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641:<\/strong> \u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0635 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u062a\u0641\u0650 \u0628\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f. \u0627\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u062f\u062e\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>6. \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0631\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 (Product-Market Fit) \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0626\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0631\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629. &#8220;\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642&#8221; \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0643 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0631\u063a\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0648\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u062b\u0645\u0646\u0647. \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0643\u0644\u0647 \u064a\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0633\u062f\u0649.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a<\/h3>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u060c \u062a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062c\u0630\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0633 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645. \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0634\u0643\u0627\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0648 \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623:<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0631\u0634\u064a\u0642\u0629 (Agile Development):<\/strong> \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062f\u060c \u0642\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 (Sprints) \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621:<\/strong> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a: \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u060c \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621. \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u062a\u0641\u0650 \u0628\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0643.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 (Pivot):<\/strong> \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0631\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0643 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0643 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0634\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642:<\/strong> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0635\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u064a\u062c (NPS)\u060c \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 (Customer Retention Rate)\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0644 (Activation Rate) \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0643 \u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>7. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a<\/h2>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0644 \u0623\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0626\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062d \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0647\u0638\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0625\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a (\u0645\u062b\u0644 GDPR \u0648 CCPA)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a. \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0626\u060c \u0628\u063a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623:<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0629:<\/strong> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629. \u0633\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0643 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u060c \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0641\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0636\u062e\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0643.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641:<\/strong> \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u060c \u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0645 \u0628\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 <a href=\"https:\/\/jobsdz.com\/ar\/fonction\">jobsdz.com\/ar\/fonction<\/a> \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u0642\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c 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\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0643\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629: \u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0634\u0644\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<table border=\"1\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u062d\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0634\u0644\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0642\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0629.<\/td>\n<td>\u0646\u0641\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u063a\u0645\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629.<\/td>\n<td>\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631.<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u060c \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0631<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631\u060c \u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642.<\/td>\n<td>\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u062d\u060c \u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626 (\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0646\u0634\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644.<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0628\u062b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0629\u060c \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062d.<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0649 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d<\/h2>\n<p>\u0625\u0646 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628\u0647\u0627. \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0650 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631:<\/strong> \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0623\u0628\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u064a\u0631\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629:<\/strong> \u0636\u0639 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0645. \u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u0641\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0643.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0643:<\/strong> \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0638\u0641 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0628 \u062a\u0643\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636. \u0639\u0632\u0632 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0643:<\/strong> \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0643\u061f \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u061f \u0627\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0639\u0644\u0647.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641:<\/strong> \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0628\u0646\u0650 \u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0646:<\/strong> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0635\u062d\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a:<\/strong> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645:<\/strong> \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0636\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a Startups\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f. \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>\u062a\u062d\u0630\u064a\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/h2>\n<p>\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0647\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0626. \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621: <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a (Burnout)<\/strong> \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0642\u0633\u0637 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 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itemprop=\"name\">\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 &#8220;\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0642&#8221; (Burn Rate) \u0648\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0626\u0629\u061f<\/h3>\n<div itemscope itemprop=\"acceptedAnswer\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Answer\">\n<p itemprop=\"text\">&#8220;\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0642&#8221; \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0626\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 (\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629) \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0627. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a. \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0642 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div itemscope itemprop=\"mainEntity\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Question\">\n<h3 itemprop=\"name\">\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u061f<\/h3>\n<div itemscope itemprop=\"acceptedAnswer\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Answer\">\n<p itemprop=\"text\">\u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062d\u0635\u0635 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itemscope itemprop=\"mainEntity\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Question\">\n<h3 itemprop=\"name\">\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0626\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u061f<\/h3>\n<div itemscope itemprop=\"acceptedAnswer\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Answer\">\n<p itemprop=\"text\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0644 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 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\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a &#8211; \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631. \u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631. \u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0623\u0628\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u062d\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u062a\u0643\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0636\u0639\u0641\u0643\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0626 \u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0635\u0629 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0632\u062f\u0647\u0631.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2>Sources<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/forbesfinancecouncil\/2021\/08\/17\/why-most-startups-fail-and-what-to-do-about-it\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Forbes: Why Most Startups Fail And What To Do About It<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/hbr.org\/2016\/09\/how-to-avoid-the-top-5-startup-mistakes\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Harvard Business Review: How to Avoid the Top 5 Startup Mistakes<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbinsights.com\/research\/startup-failure-reasons-top\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">CB Insights: The Top 12 Reasons Why Startups Fail<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>7 \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u0627\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0626: \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0631\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a 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