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\u0648\u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0630\u0628\u0627\u0626\u062d\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0642 \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629 (B2B)\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0645\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645:<\/strong> \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0630\u064a \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0633\u0639\u0631 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u064a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0630\u0627 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0644\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 (Business Model) \u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629. \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d:<\/p>\n<h3>1. \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 (Segments de client\u00e8le)<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u062d\u0649.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0634\u064a:<\/strong> \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0628\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0636\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0642:<\/strong> \u064a\u0628\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0632\u062c\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0646 (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644):<\/strong> \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>2. \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 (Proposition de valeur)<\/h3>\n<p>\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0643 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646\u061f<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0645:<\/strong> \u0623\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0645\u062a \u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/strong> \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629:<\/strong> \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0645 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0628\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632 (\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>3. \u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 (Canaux de distribution)<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0637\u0628\u0644 (\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629):<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u0628\u062d\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0626\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u062d\u0649.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a (Marketing Digital):<\/strong> \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0643 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628 \u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0645:<\/strong> \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>4. \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 (Structure des co\u00fbts)<\/h3>\n<p>\u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a: \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0641\u060c \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062c\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 (\u0625\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u062f).<\/p>\n<h3>5. \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a (Flux de revenus)<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0646\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0641\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a (Le fumier) \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631: \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 (\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a)<\/h2>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0647\u0648 \u0633\u0648\u0621 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641. \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0646 50 \u0631\u0623\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 (Co\u00fbts d&#8217;investissement \/ Capital initial) &#8211; \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0638\u064a\u0631\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629):<\/strong> \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0633\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0647.\n<ul>\n<li>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0641 (Mangeoires): \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 1,500 \u062f\u062c \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f (\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c 10-15). \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a: 15,000 &#8211; 22,500 \u062f\u062c.<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0628 (Abreuvoirs): \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 2,000 \u062f\u062c \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a (\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c 5-7). \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a: 10,000 &#8211; 14,000 \u062f\u062c.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629: \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a 50,000 &#8211; 100,000 \u062f\u062c.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632:<\/strong> 75,000 &#8211; 136,500 \u062f\u062c. (\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629: \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0626\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0647\u0632 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0636 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 (Agneaux):<\/strong> \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631.\n<ul>\n<li>\u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f (\u0648\u0632\u0646 15-20 \u0643\u063a) \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 18,000 \u0648 25,000 \u062f\u062c \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f \u062c\u0644\u0627\u0644) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0640 50 \u0631\u0623\u0633\u064b\u0627:<\/strong> 50 * 22,000 \u062f\u062c (\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637) = 1,100,000 \u062f\u062c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a: 1,175,000 \u062f\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 1,236,500 \u062f\u062c (\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 117 \u0625\u0644\u0649 124 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0645).<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 (Co\u00fbts d&#8217;exploitation) &#8211; \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 (4 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631)<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0641 (Le plus grand co\u00fbt variable):<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>\u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 1.5 \u0643\u063a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637.<\/li>\n<li>\u0644\u0640 50 \u0631\u0623\u0633\u064b\u0627: 50 * 1.5 \u0643\u063a = 75 \u0643\u063a \u0639\u0644\u0641 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627.<\/li>\n<li>\u0644\u0640 4 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 (120 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627): 75 \u0643\u063a * 120 = 9,000 \u0643\u063a (90 \u0642\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627).<\/li>\n<li>\u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628 (\u0634\u0639\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0646\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0630\u0631\u0629) \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 4,000 \u0648 5,500 \u062f\u062c.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0641:<\/strong> 90 \u0642\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0631 * 4,800 \u062f\u062c (\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637) = 432,000 \u062f\u062c.<\/li>\n<li>\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0641 (Le foin) \u0643\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641: \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 50,000 \u062f\u062c \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629: 482,000 \u062f\u062c.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f:<\/strong> 1,000 \u062f\u062c.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0640 50 \u0631\u0623\u0633\u064b\u0627:<\/strong> 50,000 \u062f\u062c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 (\u0645\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0646\u0642\u0644):<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627: 20,000 \u062f\u062c \u0634\u0647\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0640 4 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631:<\/strong> 80,000 \u062f\u062c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 (4 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631): 482,000 + 50,000 + 80,000 = 612,000 \u062f\u062c.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/h3>\n<table border=\"1\" style=\"width:100%; border-collapse: collapse;\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"padding: 8px; background-color: #f2f2f2;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 8px; background-color: #f2f2f2;\">\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 (20 \u0631\u0623\u0633\u064b\u0627)<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 8px; background-color: #f2f2f2;\">\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 (100 \u0631\u0623\u0633)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px;\"><strong>\u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a (\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0641)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px;\">~ 440,000 \u062f\u062c<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px;\">~ 2,200,000 \u062f\u062c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px;\"><strong>\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 (4 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px;\">~ 245,000 \u062f\u062c<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px;\">~ 1,224,000 \u062f\u062c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px;\">\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062f\u0639 (25-30 \u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px;\">\u062d\u0638\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 (120-150 \u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px;\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f (\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px;\">\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px;\"><strong>\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px;\">\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 (\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px;\"><strong>\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u062d (\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px;\">\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0636\u0639 \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u062c\u064a\u062f \u0643\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u062d \u0648\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 (ROI)<\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0646\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645. \u0628\u0639\u062f 4 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u0646 18-22 \u0643\u063a \u0625\u0644\u0649 45-55 \u0643\u063a.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 50 \u0631\u0623\u0633\u064b\u0627<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639:<\/strong> \u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u064a\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 (\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u062d\u0649 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649). \u0644\u0646\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0647 48,000 \u062f\u062c.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a (Chiffre d&#8217;affaires):<\/strong> 50 \u0631\u0623\u0633\u064b\u0627 * 48,000 \u062f\u062c = 2,400,000 \u062f\u062c.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 (\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629):<\/strong> \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 (1,100,000 \u062f\u062c) + \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 (612,000 \u062f\u062c) = 1,712,000 \u062f\u062c.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0641\u064a (B\u00e9n\u00e9fice net):<\/strong> 2,400,000 \u062f\u062c &#8211; 1,712,000 \u062f\u062c = <strong>688,000 \u062f\u062c<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0629:<\/em> \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0648\u0642 (Mortalit\u00e9) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 2-5%. \u0641\u0644\u0648 \u0646\u0641\u0642 \u0631\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0633\u062a\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0628\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 100,000 \u062f\u062c. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 (\u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 60,000 \u0623\u0648 70,000 \u062f\u062c \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062f)\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u062d \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0641.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0623\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u062c\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a. \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 (Bureaucratie) \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>1. \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a (Registre de commerce)<\/h3>\n<p>\u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u060c \u0623\u0646\u062a \u0628\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a (CNRC). \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0647\u0648 &#8220;\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0645&#8221; (\u00c9levage ovin). \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0643\u0640 &#8220;\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a&#8221; (Personne physique) \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0626\u064a\u0646. \u0633\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0633\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637.<\/p>\n<h3>2. \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0648 CASNOS<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0628:<\/strong> \u0643\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0633\u062a\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0629 (IFU) \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u062d\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a:<\/strong> \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 (CASNOS) \u0648\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0643 \u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>3. \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a (\u0625\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u062f)<\/h3>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u062b\u0644 (ANADE, ex-ANSEJ) \u0642\u0631\u0648\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629. \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u062b\u0644 <a href=\"https:\/\/akhbardz.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0623\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u062a \u0643\u0648\u0645<\/a> \u0623\u0648 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0643\u0646\u0635\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629: <strong>\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u0646\u0650 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a. \u0627\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0644\u0643.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0644\u061f<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627:<\/strong> \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u0648\u0633 \u0643\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 (\u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642:<\/strong> 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0641\u062a\u0631.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639:<\/strong> \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0647\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0627\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642. \u0623\u062e\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641\u0643\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0643\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0644\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u062a\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0643\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u0635\u0641\u062d \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 <a href=\"https:\/\/jobsdz.com\/ar\/wadifa\">\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u062f\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062f<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u0631\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062a\u062d\u0630\u064a\u0631: \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u064a \u062b\u0645\u0646<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a:<\/strong> \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062e\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0648 &#8220;\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0629&#8221; \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0635\u062d\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0641 \u0631\u062f\u064a\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0633\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0637\u064a\u0626\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062e\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0625\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0641\u0629:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0638\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0630\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0623\u062e\u0631:<\/strong> \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0629:<\/strong> \u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0633\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u0636\u062a \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0641 50%\u061f \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0648\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629: \u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u063a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u0631<\/h2>\n<p>\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0648\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0635\u0628\u0631\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0637\u0634 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629. \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0637\u0648\u0651\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0643 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0639\u0644. \u0627\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0628\u062d\u062b\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0636\u0639 \u062e\u0637\u062a\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u062d\u0644\u062a\u0643 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0627\u062c\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f. \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 <a href=\"https:\/\/jobsdz.com\/ar\/blog\/\">\u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u0628\u0633 \u062f\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062f<\/a> \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0629<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.madr.gov.dz\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/cnrc.dz\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a (CNRC)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/casnos.com.dz\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 (CASNOS)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 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